Pradeep's
Fundamental Physics Volume I & II For Class XII pdf
Unit 1
Electrostatics
Chapter 1
Electric charges and Fields
Electric charges
Conservation of charge, coulomb's law of force between two point charges
Forces between multiple charges
Superposition principle and continuous charge distribution
Electric field
Electric field due to point charge
Electric field line
Electric dipole
Electric field due to a dipole
Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field
Electric flux
Statement of gauss theorem and its application to find field due to infinitely long straight wire
Uniformly charged distribution
Plane sheet and informed a charged thin spherical shell(field inside and outside)
Chapter 2
Electrostatic potential and capacitance
Electric potential
Potential difference
Electric potential due to a point charge
A a dipole and system of charges
Equipotential surfaces
Electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field
Conductors and insulators
Free charges and bound charges and side a conductor
Dielectrics and electric polarization
Capacitor and capacitance
Combination of capacitor in series and in parallel
Capacitance of parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates
Energy stored in a capacitor
Unit 2
Current electricity
Chapter 3
Current electricity
Electric current
Flow of electric charges and a metallic conductor
Drift velocity
Mobility and their relation with electric current
Ohm's law
Electrical resistance
V I characteristics (linear and nonlinear)
Electrical energy and power
Electrical Resistivity and conductivity
Carbon resistors
Colour code for Carbon resistors
Series and parallel combination of resistors
Temperature dependence of of resistance
Internal resistance of a cell
Potential difference and EMF of a cell
Combination of cells in series and parallel
Kirchhoff laws and simple applications
Wheatstone Bridge
metre Bridge
Potentiometer
Principle and its application to measure potential difference and for comparing EMF of two cells
Measurement of internal resistance of a cell
Unit 3
Magnetic effects of current and Magnetism
Chapter 4
Moving charges and Magnetism
The concept of magnetic fields
Oersted's experiment
Biot Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop
Ampere's law and its applications To infinitely long straight wire
Straight and toroidal a solenoid (on the qualitative treatment)
Force on a moving charge and uniform magnetic and electric fields
Cyclotron
Force on a current carrying conductor and a uniform magnetic field
Force between two parallel current carrying conductors
Definition of ampere
Torque experienced by a current loop and uniform magnetic field
Moving coil galvanometer
Its current sensitivity and conversation to ammeter and voltmeter
Chapter 5
Magnetism and matter
Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment
Magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron
Magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole bar magnet alarm at Axis and perpendicular to x axis
Torque on a magnetic dipole bar magnet in a uniform magnetic field
Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid
Magnetic field lines
Earth's magnetic field and magnetic elements
Para, dia and Ferro magnetic substances with examples
Electromagnets and factors affecting their strengths
Permanent magnets
Unit 4
Electromagnetic induction and alternating currents
Chapter 6
Electromagnetic induction
Electromagnetic induction
Faraday's laws
Induced EMF and current
Lenz law
Eddy Currents
Self and mutual induction
Chapter 7
Alternating current
Alternating currents
Peak and RMS value of alternating current voltage
Reactance and impedance
LC oscillations(qualitative treatment only)
LCR series circuit
Resonance
Power in AC circuit
Power factor
Wattless current
AC generator and transfer
Unit 5
Electromagnetic waves
Chapter 8
Electromagnetic waves
Basic idea of displacement current
Electromagnetic waves
Their characteristics
Their transverse nature(qualitative ideas only)
E electromagnetic spectrum(radio waves microwaves infrared and visible ultraviolet x-rays gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses
Unit 6
Optics
Chapter 9
Ray optics and optical instruments
Ray optics
Reflection of light
Spiracle Mirrors
Mirror formula
Refraction of light
Total internal reflection and its application
Optical fibres
Refraction at spherical surfaces
Lenses
Thin lens formula
Lens maker's formula
Magnification
Power of a lens
Combination of of thin lenses in contact act
Refraction and Dispersion of light through a prism
Scattering of light
Blue colour of sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise and sunset
Optical instruments
Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying power
Chapter 10
Wave optics
Wave optics
Wavefront in using haigens principle
Reflection and refraction a plane wave at a plane surface using wavefronts
Proof of of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen's principle
Interference
Young's double slit experiment and expression for fringe width
coherent sources and sustained interference of light,
diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum,
resolving power of microscope and astronomical telescope,
polarisation, plane polarised light,
Brewster's law, uses of plane polarised light and Polaroids.
Unit VII:
Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
Chapter-11:
Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
Dual nature of radiation,
Photoelectric effect,
Hertz and Lenard's observations;
Einstein's photoelectric equation-particle nature of light.
Matter waves-wave nature of particles,
de-Broglie relation,
Davisson-Germer experiment (experimental details should be omitted; only conclusion should be explained).
Unit VIII:
Atoms and Nuclei
Chapter-12:
Atoms
• Alpha-particle scattering experiment;
Rutherford's model of atom;
Bohr model,
energy levels,
hydrogen spectrum.
Chapter-13:
Nuclei
Composition and size of nucleus,
Radioactivity,
alpha, beta and gamma particles/rays and their properties;
radioactive decay law.
Mass-energy relation,
mass defect;
binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number;
nuclear fission, nuclear fusion.
Unit-lX:
Electronic Devices
Chapter-14:
Semiconductor Electronics:
Materials,
Devices and Simple Circuits Energy bands in conductors,
semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only)
Semiconductor diode -
I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias,
diode as a rectifier;
Special purpose p-n junction diodes:
LED,
photodiode,
solar cell and Zener diode and their characteristics,
zener diode as a voltage regulator.
Junction transistor,
transistor action,
characteristics of a transistor and transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration),
basic idea of analog and digital signals,
Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR).
Unit X:10
Communication Systems
Chapter-15:
Communication Systems
Elements of communication system (block diagram only)
Bandwidth of signals(speed TV and digital data)
Bandwidth of transmission medium
Propagation of electromagnetic waves and the atmosphere sky and space wave propagation
Satellite communication
Need for modulation
Amplitude modulation
VOLUME I
VOLUME II
MMP notes Complete 1 handwritten
MMP notes Complete 2 handwritten
Nuclear physics handwritten notes
Relativity and Cosmology handwritten notes
Classical Mechanics handwritten notes
Atomic and Molecular physics handwritten notes
Quantum Mechanics handwritten notes
Particle physics handwritten notes
Solid state physics by RK Puri VK Babber book pdf
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